ROME (AP) — Italy’s voters have spoken, and the populists ruled the day. But whether these euroskeptics can put aside their distrust and rivalries to rule together was the big question Monday as the nation embarked on a new era following a quarter-century of largely predictable coalition-formula politics.
More than half the ballots cast Sunday went to two populist forces that knew how to read the angry mood in a country where the brightest youths must go abroad to find decent careers and where hundreds of thousands of migrants were essentially marooned when many European Union partners slammed the door on these asylum-seekers rescued at sea.
No one seemed to have the answer Monday.
“The (next) government is an enigma,” read the front-page headline of the daily Corriere della Sera.
The other main player in maneuvers to try to form a government is the anti-immigrant League, led by Matteo Salvini, which expanded beyond its northern base to outpoll the conservative Forza Italia, the party created in the mid-1990s by Silvio Berlusconi.
“March 4’s vote represents a watershed, with the maximum affirmation of anti-establishment parties in the Western Europe panorama, from the post war to today,” said Rome’s LUISS university’s center for Italian electoral studies.
That system had been dubbed the “second republic.” It followed the so-called “first republic” of the post-war generation, in which Christian Democrats anchored government after short-lived coalitions, cobbled together with the aim of keeping what was then Western Europe’s largest communist party out of power. That system crumbled in the early 1990s amid corruption scandals that swept away virtually an entire political class.
“Today for us is the start of the third republic. And the third will finally be the republic of the citizens,” exulted Luigi Di Maio, the 5-Star Movement’s 31-year-old candidate for premier.
But how that new era will take shape is very unclear.
Berlusconi, sidelined from holding office due to a tax fraud conviction and relishing the prospect of playing kingmaker after Sunday’s vote, suffered what could be a definitive blow for the 81-year-old media mogul. Berlusconi’s Forza Italia captured only 14 percent of the vote, compared to 18 percent for coalition partner Salvini’s League, which achieved virtual dominance in Italy’s prosperous northern regions, where Berlusconi made much of his immense wealth.
The League’s votes, along with Forza Italia and those of a smaller partner, the far-right Brothers of Italy, totaled 37 percent of ballots cast — nowhere near the absolute majority needed to win the confidence votes in each chamber of Parliament required under Italy’s system for governing.
The 5-Stars Movement’s better-than-expected 32 percent showing was boosted by its dominance of the south, where Forza Italia had long held sway.
This north-south divide is a new element that could complicate any power-sharing, political analyst Angelo Panebianco said.
“Government formation will take longer because of this division” as leaders adjust to new territorial equilibriums, he said on Sky TG24.
Further complicating the path toward a new government are campaign vows by the 5-Stars Movement never to govern in a coalition.
Savoring the center-right’s performance, Salvini vowed that the bloc had won “the right and the duty to govern.” Berlusconi and Salvini huddled on Monday at the mogul’s estate on Milan’s outskirts, but there were no indications what strategy the two leaders might chart.
“I am and I will remain a populist,” Salvini told reporters. He sought to assure financial markets that his leadership wouldn’t be anything to fear, even as he reaffirmed his belief that Italy’s membership in the euro common currency was a mistake.
Asked about the possibility of joining forces with the 5-Stars Movement to govern, Salvini replied: “No, no, no.”
Who are the 5-Stars?